Understanding where firearms are prohibited by federal and state law. Know the restrictions to protect yourself from serious criminal charges.
Places where firearms are prohibited nationwide
18 U.S.C. § 922(q)
The federal Gun-Free School Zones Act prohibits the possession of firearms within 1,000 feet of any school property. This applies to all firearms, including those possessed pursuant to a state permit.
18 U.S.C. § 930
Possession of firearms in federal facilities is strictly prohibited. This includes federal courthouses, federal office buildings, and other federal government property.
36 CFR § 13
Firearms regulations in national parks changed significantly in 2010. Today, firearms may be carried in national parks in accordance with state law, but prohibited in federal buildings and certain designated areas.
Violating federal firearms restrictions can result in federal criminal charges, even if your state concealed carry permit is valid.
Federal law supersedes state law in these areas.
Places where firearms are often prohibited by state law
K-12 schools are universally prohibited. College policies vary by state and institution.
Firearms prohibited past security checkpoints. Checked baggage rules apply.
Many states prohibit carry in establishments that derive most revenue from alcohol.
Federal, state, and local government buildings often prohibit firearms.
Mental health facilities are universally prohibited. General hospitals vary by state.
Generally private property - carry depends on owner's policy. Some states protect carry.
Federal law prohibits firearms in federal credit unions. Other banks vary.
Professional sports venues and concert halls often prohibit firearms.
Many states prohibit firearms in establishments where gambling occurs.
Private property owners can prohibit firearms on their premises, regardless of state carry laws. This includes businesses, homes, and any private location.
In most states, a business can post signs prohibiting firearms. These signs often have legal force. Look for:
Violating private property restrictions can result in:
Additional places prohibited by state law
| State | Additional Restricted Places | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| California | Bars, parks, casinos, stadiums, airports, zoos, museums, public libraries | Very restrictive - most public places |
| New York | Subways, buses, churches, theaters, restaurants serving alcohol | Sensitive places list in SAFE Act |
| Texas | Bars (51% alcohol revenue), hospitals, nursing homes, amusement parks, zoos | Campus carry allowed at universities |
| Florida | Bars, airports (past security), casinos, stadiums, hospitals | Airport carry allowed before security |
| Illinois | Public transit, libraries, museums, zoos, amusement parks | FOID card required |
| Virginia | Courthouses, churches (unless posted), bars | Parks and forests generally allowed |
| Pennsylvania | Schools, federal buildings, casinos, airports | No state permit for open carry in many areas |
| Georgia | Bars, churches, airports (past security), government buildings | Campus carry restricted |
Note: State restrictions vary significantly and change frequently. Always verify current laws in your state and any state you plan to visit.
These places are restricted in most or all states:
These places are restricted in many states:
Understanding the consequences of carrying in restricted areas
Violations of federal firearms restrictions can result in severe federal penalties:
Up to 5 years
Per violation in federal facilities
Up to $250,000
Plus costs of prosecution
State penalties for carrying in restricted areas vary widely:
| State | Charge | Potential Penalty |
|---|---|---|
| California | Misdemeanor/Felony | Up to 3 years prison |
| New York | Misdemeanor/Felony | Up to 7 years prison |
| Texas | Class A Misdemeanor | Up to 1 year, $4,000 fine |
| Florida | Misdemeanor/Felony | Up to 5 years prison |
Certain circumstances can result in enhanced penalties:
If charged with violating restricted area laws, contact a firearms attorney immediately.
Find Legal Resources →Even legitimate permit holders can face serious charges for carrying in restricted areas. Ignorance of the law is not a defense.
Common questions about restricted areas
Generally yes. Firearms may be carried in national parks in accordance with state law. However, firearms are still prohibited in federal buildings, visitor centers, and other posted areas within the park. Always check specific park regulations.
Yes, in most states, private employers can prohibit employees from carrying firearms on company property or while performing work duties. This is a private property right. Some states have laws protecting employees' right to keep firearms in vehicles in parking lots.
It depends on the state and the percentage of revenue from alcohol sales. Many states prohibit carry in establishments that derive most of their revenue from alcohol sales (typically 51%+). Some states allow carry in restaurants that serve alcohol but prohibit consumption while armed.
If you realize you've entered a restricted area with your firearm, leave immediately. If stopped by law enforcement, be honest and cooperative. Accidental entry without intent may be treated more leniently than knowing violation, but you should still consult an attorney.
It depends on the state and the church's policy. Some states specifically protect carry in churches, while others prohibit it. In most states, churches can post signs prohibiting firearms. If no sign is posted, carry may be legal unless state law prohibits it.
Even permit holders are prohibited in certain places by federal law: federal buildings, schools, TSA checkpoints, federal prisons, military installations, and national parks' federal facilities. State laws add additional restrictions that vary by state. Always research your destination before carrying.
Restricted area violations can result in serious criminal charges. Always know the laws before carrying your firearm.